I have a hierarchy described by an adjacency list. There is not necessarily a single root element, but I do have data to identify the leaf (terminal) items in the hiearchy. So, a hierachy that looked like this ...
1
- 2
- - 4
- - - 7
- 3
- - 5
- - 6
8
- 9
... would be described by a table, like this. NOTE: I don't have the ability to change this format.
id parentid isleaf
--- -------- ------
1 null 0
2 1 0
3 1 0
4 2 0
5 3 1
6 3 1
7 4 1
8 null 0
9 8 1
here is the sample table definition and data:
CREATE TABLE [dbo].[HiearchyTest](
[id] [int] NOT NULL,
[parentid] [int] NULL,
[isleaf] [bit] NOT NULL
)
GO
INSERT [dbo].[HiearchyTest] ([id], [parentid], [isleaf]) VALUES (1, NULL, 0)
INSERT [dbo].[HiearchyTest] ([id], [parentid], [isleaf]) VALUES (2, 1, 0)
INSERT [dbo].[HiearchyTest] ([id], [parentid], [isleaf]) VALUES (3, 1, 0)
INSERT [dbo].[HiearchyTest] ([id], [parentid], [isleaf]) VALUES (4, 2, 0)
INSERT [dbo].[HiearchyTest] ([id], [parentid], [isleaf]) VALUES (5, 3, 1)
INSERT [dbo].[HiearchyTest] ([id], [parentid], [isleaf]) VALUES (6, 3, 1)
INSERT [dbo].[HiearchyTest] ([id], [parentid], [isleaf]) VALUES (7, 4, 1)
INSERT [dbo].[HiearchyTest] ([id], [parentid], [isleaf]) VALUES (8, NULL, 0)
INSERT [dbo].[HiearchyTest] ([id], [parentid], [isleaf]) VALUES (9, 8, 1)
GO
From this, I need to provide any id and get a list of all ancestors including all descendents of each. So, if I provided the input of id = 6, I would expect the following:
id descendentid
-- ------------
1 1
1 3
1 6
3 3
3 6
6 6
- id 6 just has itself
- its parent, id 3 would have decendents of 3 and 6
- its parent, id 1 would have decendents of 1, 3, and 6
I will be using this data to provide roll-up calculations at each level in the hierarchy. This works well, assuming I can get the dataset above.
I have accomplished this using two recusive ctes - one to get the "terminal" item for each node in the hiearchy. Then, a second one where I get the full ancestory of my selected node (so, 6 resolves to 6, 3, 1) to walk up and get the full set. I'm hoping that I'm missing something and that this can be accomplished in one round. Here is the example double-recursion code:
declare @test int = 6;
with cte as (
-- leaf nodes
select id, parentid, id as terminalid
from HiearchyTest
where isleaf = 1
union all
-- walk up - preserve "terminal" item for all levels
select h.id, h.parentid, c.terminalid
from HiearchyTest as h
inner join
cte as c on h.id = c.parentid
)
, cte2 as (
-- get all ancestors of our test value
select id, parentid, id as descendentid
from cte
where terminalid = @test
union all
-- and walkup from each to complete the set
select h.id, h.parentid, c.descendentid
from HiearchyTest h
inner join cte2 as c on h.id = c.parentid
)
-- final selection - order by is just for readability of this example
select id, descendentid
from cte2
order by id, descendentid
Additional detail: the "real" hierarchy will be much larger than the example. It can technically have infinite depth, but realistically it would rarely go more than 10 levels deep.
In summary, my question is if I can accomplish this with a single recursive cte instead of having to recurse over the hierarchy twice.
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